Both the Bailiwick of Guernsey and the Bailiwick of Jersey are British crown dependencies, but neither is part of the United Kingdom. The Channel Islands fall into two separate self-governing Bailiwicks. Intense negotiations resulted in some Red Cross humanitarian aid, but there was considerable hunger and privation during the five years of German occupation.

The Royal Navy blockaded the islands from time to time, particularly following the liberation of mainland Normandy in 1944. The Nazi occupation 1940вЂ“1945 was harsh, with some island residents being taken for slave labour on the Continent native Jews sent to concentration camps partisan resistance and retribution accusations of collaboration and slave labour (primarily Russians and eastern Europeans) being brought to the islands to build fortifications. Edmund Andros of Guernsey was an early colonial governor in North America, and head of the short-lived Dominion of New England.Дuring the Second World War, the Islands were the only part of the British Empire occupied by Germany (excepting that part of Egypt occupied by the Afrika Korps at the time of the Second Battle of El Alamein). In recognition for all the help given to him during his exile in Jersey in the 1640s, Charles II gave George Carteret, Bailiff and governor, a large grant of land in the American colonies, which he promptly named New Jersey, now part of the United States of America. Islanders became involved with the Newfoundland fisheries in the 17th century. The Islands acquired commercial and political interests in the North American colonies. There is no common newspaper or radio station, but a common television station, ITV Channel Television. The two Bailiwicks have no common laws, no common elections, and no common representative body (although their politicians consult regularly). The Bailiwicks have been administered separately from each other since the late 13th century, and although those unacquainted with the Islands often assume they form one political unit, common institutions are the exception rather than the rule. Since 1204, the loss of the rest of the monarch's lands in mainland Normandy has meant that the Channel Islands have been governed as separate possessions of the Crown. In 1066 the Duke William the Conqueror invaded and conquered England, becoming the English monarch. The Islands were annexed to the Duchy of Normandy in 933.

The very large tidal variation provides an environmentally rich inter-tidal zone around the islands. 'ГЋles Normandes' and 'Archipel Normand' have also, historically, been used in Channel Island French to refer to the islands as a whole. Chausey is referred to as an 'ГЋle normande' (as opposed to anglo-normande). In official Channel Island French (see Jersey Legal French), the Islands are called 'ГЋles de la Manche', while in France, the term 'ГЋles anglo-normandes' (Anglo-Norman isles) is used to refer to the British 'Channel Islands' in contrast to other islands in the channel. They are an incorporated part of the commune of Granville ( Manche), and although popular with visitors from France, they are rarely visited by Channel Islanders, as there are no direct transport links from the other islands.

They were historically linked to the Duchy of Normandy, but they are part of the French territory along with continental Normandy, and not part of the British Isles or of the Channel Islands in a political sense. The Chausey islands south of Jersey are not generally included in the geographical definition of the Channel Islands but occasionally described as 'French Channel Islands' in English in view of their French jurisdiction. As a general rule, the larger islands have the -ey suffix, and the smaller ones have the -hou suffix this is believed to be from the Old Norse ey and holmr respectively. Burhou and the Casquets lie off Alderney. All of these except Jersey are in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, but the Minquiers and EcrГ©hous as well as the Les Dirouilles and Les Pierres de Lecq (the Paternosters), uninhabited groups of islets, are part of the Bailiwick of Jersey. The inhabited islands of the Channel Isles are Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, Herm (the main islands) Jethou, Brecqhou (Brechou), and Lihou. Viewed from Jersey's north coast, Jethou, Herm and Sark are hazy outlines on the horizon

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